Koru: (Maori), coiled, loop.
The Koru is a Maori word meaning folded or coiled. In tattooing, it indicates a curled shape representing a fern sprout and symbolizing life, new beginnings, and tradition.
Koru Forms and Patterns
The koru is used to identify the pattern of the unfolding fern frond. It can be found as a partly rolled line, a full single spiral, or a double spiral, often "carved out" within a larger tattoo design.
Genealogy and Ancestors
More complex designs include several koru joined together, which usually symbolize family genealogy. The number of koru in a design can represent the number of ancestors, and their size may be related to their importance.
- Single spirals may be associated with female ancestors.
- Double spirals may be associated with male ancestors.
Continuity, Life, and Maturity
A reference to tradition comes from the Maori saying "Mate atu he tetekura, whakaete mai he tetekura", which can be translated as "As one fern frond dies, one fern frond is born."
This symbolizes the continuity of life, traditions, and genealogy. Since tetekura can also be translated as "chief," the underlying concept is that when a chief dies, another will take their place, guaranteeing the continuity of the clan or family. The fully uncurled, adult fern symbolizes maturity.
Parent and Child
A double koru can also be used to indicate a parent with their child.
Koru Variants
Usage Examples
The koru next to the lotus flower of this modern Polynesian tattoo symbolizes a new start and a rebirth after a difficult time:
The sun surrounding the major koru was added as a wish for positivity for a great change and new start:
Double koru designed in traditional Maori kirituhi style, symbolizing parent and child or genealogy:
You can click on the photos to read the full description of each tattoo.
